þ7#$uñ ¾ ¾®®®¼"""" , 66"XxÎTÐ ðó*®óíóó<9óóóóóó.c.Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, Canada BOREAS Project Craig Dobson, Jon Ranson, Roger Lang, JoBea Way Kyle McDonald, and Sasan Saatchi Prince Albert and Nelson House, Manitoba are the two test sites chosen for the Boreal Ecosystem - Atmosphere Study (BOREAS). The goal of BOREAS is to obtain an improved understanding of the interactions between the boreal forest biome and the atmosphere in order to clarify their roles in global change. Specific objectives are: 1) To improve our understanding of the processes which govern the exchanges of energy, water, heat, carbon, and trace gases between boreal ecosystems and the atmosphere, with particular reference to those that may be sensitive to global change; and 2) to develop and validate remote sensing algorithms for transferring our understanding of the above processes from local to regional scales. In particular, BOREAS will address three major scientific issues: 1) The biogeochemical functioning of the boreal forest, including controls on carbon storage and partitioning and the seasonal and spatial variability of trace gas fluxes; 2) the sensitivity of the boreal forest biome to changes in the physical climate system; and 3) the biophysical feedbacks to the climate system due to ecological changes in the functioning of the biome. uure radar (SAR) relative to that from the MSS and AVHRR. III. a) Demonstrate the use of spaceborne SAR images to detect forest parameters. b) Increase our understanding of the interaction between microwave and vegetation canopies. IV. a) Extract all possible information from shuttle-borne radar images for areas with forest stands. V. a) Obtain vertical antenna patterns of the SIR-C/X-SAR radars to allow improved radiometric calibration of data for other investigations. ‡ ¾ Á ag¬®úôîèèúôîâîô @ @  €  '(7gˆ‰¼^ Î Ï Ú  —¬úúúúúôééééäúÞÞÞØÍ !Àh !Àh!À !À  h:ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿNew York 10 point,timesCourier ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ,ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿ óôöÞ.c.Saudi Arabia A. Dabbagh King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals The investigations for the Saudi Arabian test site will use SIR-C/X-SAR imagery to detail the geological formation boundaries and distinctive lithologies within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, both from each other and where they are often covered by shallow sand or soil. This will be applied to the major sedimentary basins of Saudi Arabia in the north, east, and southwest of the country, which form the most important prospective areas for reserves of oil, gas, and water. For these investigations, dual frequency L-band (23 cm) and C-band (6 cm), multipolarization, SIR-C radar imagery, together with dual band X-SAR images offers the most potential. In addition, large areas of chemical sediments, especially gypsum and halite, will be distinguished by their different surface roughness using multiple polarization capabilities so that large areas of sabhka within the Kingdom can be mapped and their sediments distinguished. ñ@ñÿÿIJÙîñ!À !À !À !À !À!À!À®¬ !€È ÓHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@=à/Р ÐRBH -:LaserWriter ChicagoNew YorkGenevaMonaco San Francisco Zapf DingbatsBookmanPalatino Zapf ChanceryTimes HelveticaCourierSymbol! Avant Garde€FloralCapsNouveauÈJPLogo ÓMT Extra€ðð€€ð(Õüàüðñ ¾9Mission SummarySIR-CED Karl Erickson Karl Erickson